Ferghana

Ferghana Valley

The Ferghana Region is in the South of the Ferghana Valley. The wide Yazyavanskaya Steppe is fringed in the South with the Altay Mountain Ridge foothills. Dry continental climate, warm summer and mild winter are characteristics for the region. The Region is known for the abundance of sunshine, forest oases, fantastic lines of mountain ridges covered by the walnut-trees, cherries and apple trees. There are a lot of beautiful canyons with Tien-Shan spruces and fir-trees there. Kokand - one of the most famous cities in Uzbekistan, formerly the capital of the powerful Kokand Khanate which once dominated the whole Ferghana Valley. At the late 19c.-early 20c. Kokand was the second biggest city after Tashkent and its population outnumbered all other regional centers. The Palace of the last Kokand ruler Khudayar Khan is the most significant architectural monument of Kokand. The Khan Palace strikes by its richness and the gorgeous decorations. The ornamentation of the Palace includes mosaics of small blaze bricks, Ghancha carvings and murals, woodcarvings. The Modarikhan Mausoleum, associated with the name of the poetess Nadira, is of interest as well. This is a small crypt with two minarets. Fate of Nadira-wife of the Kokand ruler and poet Umarkhan Amiri-was tragic: she was executed by the order of Nasrullah, the Bukhara Emir.

White Gazgan marble and bronze monument in the memory of the poetess was built not far from the Mausoleum. Ferghana, the capital of the Ferghana Region, is the biggest industrial city in the Ferghana valley. It was founded more then one hundred years ago by M.D.Skobelev, the first military governor, under the name of New Margilan. The exhibits of the local Natural History Museum, created in 1896 as a branch of Russian Geographical Society, are the living history of the city.

The Ferghana Region is well known around the world by the Shakhimardan, Chimion Kizil-Tepa resorts. There are several health and recreation centers for TB patients at the mountain resort of Shakhimardan. At the Chimion balneological resort there are centers for healing the nervous system, intestinal diseases, rheumatism, etc. The Chimion hot springs and mineral waters are famous among the faithful as "Holy Springs" and they attract piligrims from all over the Central Asia. Margilan, one of the biggest cities of the Ferghana Region, is the center of the famous Uzbek silk, hand weaving, embroidery, wood and Ghancha carving.

Historical and architectural monuments of Ferghana Valley:

• Palace of Khudoyor Khan, architectural complex (1870)
• Gishtlik Mosque (1913)
• Djami mosque and minaret (1809-1812)
• Mulkabad Mosque (1913)
• Dahman-Shakhon and Madirakhan Necropolises (the beginning of the 19th c.)
• Madrassah of said Ahmad Hadja (the beginning of the 19th c.)
• Chakar (Sholdirma) Mosque (1911)
• Mausoleum of Hodja Magiz (18th c.)
• Djami Complex (19th c.)
• Mullo Kyrgyz Madrassah (the beginning of 20th c.)
• Mavlon-Buva Memorial Complex (19th c.)
• The ancient Settlement Akhsykent (the 2nd-1st c. BC)

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